Fana (فناء) — Annihilation of the Self in God

Fana (فناء) is the annihilation of the nafs — the passing away of the servant's self-consciousness in the overwhelming presence of al-Haqq. Al-Junayd of Baghdad gave this station its classical formulation: fana is not physical death but the death of every attribute that belongs to the abd, replaced entirely by the attributes of the divine. Al-Hallaj's cry 'Ana al-Haqq' (I am the Real) expresses the paradox of fana — the 'I' that speaks is no longer al-Hallaj but God speaking through an emptied vessel. In the Sufi taxonomy, fana follows the progressive purification of tawba, zuhd, sabr, and tawakkul; it is the culmination toward which every prior maqam tends.